Charge-forming device for internal-combustion engines



June 7, 1927.

E. C. COLLIARD CHARGEFORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION mamas Filed March 12. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A TTORNE YS June 7,1927. 7

E. c. COLLIARD cmmem FORMING DEVICE FOR INTERNALYCOMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 12. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR E.- c. co l By M ATTORNEYS 45 V lliof the internal combustion type *and in- Patented June 7, 19 27.

i1 sire a as \EIVIVIL e. COLIHAR'D, or ARCADE, NEW YORK.

I it tartar foirrice.

CHARGE-FORMING DEVIC Eon iiv'rnnivnn-co vnsusmion enemas. i 2

Application filed March 12,1924. Serial macaw/4'1;

The object of the invention is ;'to provide a charge forn'iingdevice for internal "combustion engines which is especially designed for use on motor vehicles such as automobiles or the like, and which operates to increase the mileage obtained per gallonwof gasoline or other fuel used, while providing for easy starting and flexibility of operation and enhancing the power of the engineand decreasing or minimizing the formation of carbon in the engine.

A further object is to provide a device of this character having the foregoingenumerated advantages and capacities and which is also of simple and .durable constructionv and well adapted foreasy and comparatively inexpensive manufacture and installation on the various types of automobiles or motor vehicles.

' Other obj ects; and advantages reside in the certain novel features of the construction,

combination and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended .claims forming a part of this specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings also forming a part of this specification, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation showing theinventionapplied to an automobile,

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view in section eluding along :with the other instrumentalities ordinarily employed an intake manifold 12, an exhaust manifold 13, a water cooling system designated. generally at Hand embodying a vapor space 15 above'the radiator thereof, and the gasoline or fuel supply tank 16. y

The charge forming device Which constitutes-the present invention includes a combined heating and mixing chamber designated generally zit 17. l his chamber includes a cylindrical body portion 1-8 ;havmg an ntegraldome-shaped head 19 at its.

upper end; A removable head '20 closes the lower end of the chamber and has integrally formed therewith a depending andan externally threaded stud 21 engaged-with a correspondingly -threaded bearing oropening 22 formed in-the exhaust. manifold 1:3 whereby the chamber 17 is supported. This ar rangementc also provides for heating the chamber 17'si-nce the stud 21, the head205and the chamber 17a screen; .23 is pressed or otherwise suitably secured. 3 This'screen 23 defines withinthechamber 1.7 a mi ing space 24 in the lower end of'the'uchamber,andan outlet space 25 in'the upper endoftheehaim r A connection is provided between the fuel supply tank 16 and the mixing space Q Lof.

the chamber 17 this connection bein-g dj'esi-gnated at 26. Preferably the connection 26 though of course any. suitable connection may Ebe employed. One end ofthe connection 26 ,isisuit ably coupled at-27-to the; top of ,the fuel supply tank 16'so that the connection willdraxvthe fuel laden vapor the body portion ofthe chamber aremade of metal having a high degree of heat conductivity. Within the body. portion; 18 0f v takes the-form of flexible coppertubing, al-- from the" fuelsu-pply tank. The 'opposite end of the connection 26' is suitably'coupled to one side of thelower portionofthe chamber 17 'sogthat-the connection communicates with the mixing space 24 of the chamber. Qbviously theconvent onal. compression eouplings may be used whereverit isinecessary to co t :thecopper tubing to E he ot e instrument-alitiesemployed. A liquid tr-ap des gnated generally at 29 is embodied inv thei-connection;26, thetubingimaking up the connection ibeing provided-in isections; for

this purpose. {Che .trap. 29 is shown in jde-' tail in vFigure. 5 and1-consists,9f.a container,- I or closedhOusingSO havinga portion 31disposed at a level, lowerxthan the lowermost point: in the .connection'26. A removable drain plug-82 may be provided-in the trap 29. With this arrangement {should :any

liquifd 'be drawn through :theiconnectio n.; 26v

it will collect inthe trap 29. 1

fr connection-is provided betweenthe mixing s'pace24 of thechamber 17 and the Vapor space 15fof the cooling system 14, and is designated '{generally at 35. This-connection 35 also takes the form of flexible copper tub 7 the same in such position.

- space at the top of the radiator to a point above the highest level of the water or coolmg fluid. The connection is also connected to the lower portion of the mixingchamber 17 so as to communicate with the mixing space 24: of said chamber. Preferably the connections 26 and 35 are coupled to the opposite sides of the chamber 17.

A T 40 is arranged above the chamber 17 andhas one of its arms threadedly engaged as at 41 with the dome-shaped head 19 of said chamber. The horizontal arms of the T are alined and in one of these "arms avalve seat 42 is provided. acts with the valve seat 42 and has a stem 4d. integral therewith and sli'dably fitted in a guide opening 45 provided in a cap nut 46 threadedly engaged with the T 10. A

compression coil spring 4-7 encircles the valve stem 4 1 and abuts the cap nut 4-6 at one end and the valve 43 at its opposite end,

whereby the spring tends to urge the valve,

to closed position and to yieldably maintain extends from the dashboard of the vehicleandis externally threaded whereby itmay offthe $101153, the rod is rotated to engage be held to the dashboard by means of nuts 51 and Washers 52. A longitudinal groove designated at 53 is formed in the sleeve and in this'groove the pin 54 rigldly secured to the operating rod 49 is slidably fitted. With this arrangement the rodett) may be pulled upwardly and outwardly with respect to the sleeve 50 and after-it has been pulled to such anextent as to move the pin 54- out ment with the groove '53, a spring 55 is arranged on'the lower end of the rod and has one end engaging the lower end of thesleeve 50 and its opposite end engaging a cotter pin 56 fastened in a transverseaperture provided at the lower extremity ofthe rod 49.

This arran ement arovides a SJIlD closed & b

valve which is however, manually operable A valve i3 00-- It is proposed from the dashboard of the vehicle by the driver of the vehicle.

degree by "simply pulling upwardly and outwardly on the operating rod 19 Of course the valve may be held open by pulling the pin 5% out of the groove 58 and rotating the operating rod to engage this pin 54 with the nut-or head 51- provided at the extreme upper end of the sleeve 50 A flexible copper tubing 60 is connected to the T 40 by a compression coupling 61 and extends to the intake manifold 12. The end of the copper tubing 60 which is disposedadjacent the intake manifold has secured thereon an inlet nipple 62 which extends into the intake manifold 12. The portion of the inlet nipple 62 lying within the manifold 12 is formed with a plurality of perforations or discharge orifices 63. Obviously the T 4O, the flexible tubing 60 and the inlet nipple 62 together with the couplings for connecting-these elements together and to the associated instruinentalities provide a connection between the her and the intake manifold.

Ttis course to be understood thatthe engine 1S't0 be provided with the usual carbureter and other devices for supplying a combustible charge to the engine cylinders as well as withfthe charge forming device constituting this invention. It may be found however that the charge forming device will permit the elimination of the carburete'r and associated instrumentalities, but in the preferred application of the invention the carbureter and other devices are employed.

When the engine is running and the valve engaged with the seat 42, that is, when the valve l3 is closed, the charge forming device is not in operation, sincethe suction It is to be understood that the valve is manually operable in the sense that it maybe opened to the desired mixing ch a n-V i in the intake manifold is not exerted inthe" outlet space 25 of the chamber'lZ. When, however, the valve 13 is open the suction exerted through the inlet nipple 63 and tub ing 60 will draw fuel laden vapor from the gasoline supply tank 16through the connection 26 into theinixing space 24- and itwill also draw moisture laden vapor through the connection 35 from the vapor space 15 of the tubing system. Inthe mixing spacei24 of the chamber 17,"the fuel laden vaporand the moisture laden vapor will commingle and these commingled vapors will pass up through the screen 28 into theoutlet space 25, from whence they flow through the T 40 and tubing 60 to the inlet nipple 63. The vapors issue from the perforations of the nipples 63 in the form of a multiplicity of finely divided jets. It has been found that with this arrangement a great saving is had in the consumption of gasoline or other fuel, and an increased mileage'pergallon of fuel is the result. This advantage is had along with a flexibility of operation not approached in the ordinary motor. Moreover the power of the motor is increased and the liability 'of' carbon accumulating is minimized if not obviated. In addition to these advantages starting is made easy even in cold W621tl1el'.f0l' if the valve 43 is open when the engine is' turned over, the mixture drawn from the carbureter is enriched and rendered more highly combustible by the commingled vapors fed into the'intake manifold in the manner hereinabove described.

I claim: V

1. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake and an exhaust manifold, a water cooling system having a vapor space, and a main fuel supply tank, a combined heating and mixing chamber associated with the exhaust manifold so as to be heated thereby, a connection between the main fuel supply tank and the chamber, said connection conn'nunicating with the main fuel tank at a point above the level of the fuel therein, and having aliquid trap therein, a connection between the chamher and the vapor space of the water cooling system, and a connection between the chamber and the intake manifold.

2; In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake and an exhaust manifold, a water cooling system having a vapor space, and a main fuel supply tank, a combined heating and mixing chamber associated with the exhaust manifold so to be heated thereby, a connection between the main fuel supply tank and the chamber, said connection communicating with the main fuel tank at a point above the level of the fuel therein, a connection between the chamber and the vapor space of the water cooling system, a connection between the' chamber and the intake manifold, and a manually operable valve in the connection between the chamber and the intake manifold, said valve being spring closedand being adapted to be operated from the dash-' mixingspace in the chamber, said connection communicating with the fuel tank at a point above the level of the fuel therein, a connection between the mixing space in the chamber and the vapor space of the cooling system, and a connection between the outlet space of the chamber and the intake manifold.

l. In combination with an internal combustion engine having an intake and an exhaust manifold, a water cooling system having a vapor space and a main fuel supply tank, a combined heating and mixing chamber of hollow construction having a solid externally projectingstud directly and positively engaged with the exhaust manifold, said chamber and said stud being of relatively high heat conductivity so as to provide for the exchange of heat between the exhaust manifold and the chamber as well as to aflord a mounting for the combined heating and mixing chamber, a connection between the main fuel supply tank and the chamber, said connection communicating with the main fuel supply tank at a point above the level of the fuel therein, a connection between the chamber and the vapor space in the water cooling system, and a connection between the chamber and the intake manifold.

EMIL COLLIARD. 

